How to improve the low-temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries

Nov 04, 2024 Pageview：149

Lithium iron phosphate batteries have lower costs compared to ternary batteries, and are also safer and have a longer lifespan. With the advancement of technology, the actual energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries is also approaching the theoretical energy density infinitely. So its market share is steadily increasing, and it has already exceeded the installed capacity of ternary lithium batteries. However, the disadvantages of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4, LFP) are also obvious: poor low-temperature performance, low tap density, poor conductivity, etc. So how to improve the low-temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries?
How to improve the low-temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries?
1. Surface coating reduces the surface resistance of LFP particles
At low temperatures, the impedance at the electrode material interface increases and the ion diffusion rate decreases in lithium batteries. Coating a conductive layer on the surface of LFP can effectively reduce the contact resistance between electrode materials, thereby increasing the diffusion rate of ions into and out of LFP.
The general coating material is carbon material. For example, coating with amorphous carbon, carbon nanotubes, or graphene can reduce the interfacial impedance of LFP electrode materials. Another approach is to use metal or metal oxide coatings. Studies have shown that CeO2 particles can be uniformly distributed on the surface of LFP. At low temperatures, the extraction/insertion ability and electrode kinetics of LFP were significantly improved after CeO2 improvement.